What is a fibroid?
Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are common non-cancerous (benign) tumors that appear in the muscle walls of the uterus. Uterine fibroids can be the size of a pinhead and have no signs or symptoms of their presence, or they can be very painful and up to 10 inches in diameter.
There are four types of uterine fibroids:
Subserous fibroids, which develop under the outer shell of the uterus. Intramural fibroids, which develop inside the uterine wall. Submucosal fibroids, which develop under the uterine lining. Pedunculated fibroids develop on a “stalk” shaped structure attached to the inside or outside of the uterus.
Fibroids can develop as a single nodule or in clusters. They can range in size from 1 mm to over 20 cm in diameter. Uterine fibroids are a common cause of heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain and pressure on women. During pregnancy, the size of fibroids can explode.
What are the symptoms?
Some women with uterine fibroids have no symptoms. Symptoms may include excessive and prolonged menstrual bleeding, pain, abdominal mass effect, frequent or urgent urination or constipation, and many others.
When symptoms do appear, they can vary, depending on the size and exact location of the fibroid tumors. Women sometimes underestimate the impact of their symptoms because they have become accustomed to the excessive bleeding, pain and pressure that fibroids can cause. Also, African American women develop symptoms more quickly and with more severity than other women.
What we do to treat them?
Uterine fibroids rarely require treatment, but when they are problematic, they can be treated surgically, non-surgically, with medications or with alternative treatments. The heavy menstrual bleeding, clotting and pelvic pain that fibroids sometimes cause lead many women to seek treatment.
What about treatments?
There are several treatment:
Hormonal: Uterine fibroid tumors need estrogen and progesterone to grow, and without these hormones, fibroid tumors usually decrease in size. Hormonal treatments (such as birth control pills) can help control excessive menstrual bleeding caused by fibroids in some patients.
Nonsurgical: Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) - Known medically as uterine artery embolization, UFE addresses the treatment of fibroids by blocking the arteries that supply blood to them, causing them to shrink or disappear. Uterine fibroid embolization is a more permanent solution than hormone therapy. When hormone therapy is stopped, the fibroids usually grow back. UFE (uterine fibroid embolization) is not considered a surgical procedure, but is usually performed in a hospital or specialized clinic. This uterine fibroid treatment procedure usually takes between 1 and 3 hours, depending on how long it takes to position the catheter and how easily the catheter can be placed in the arteries of the uterus.
Although uterine artery embolization has been used for two decades to treat bleeding after childbirth, it was not until early 1997 that the technique was introduced as a potential treatment for uterine fibroids.
Follow-up studies have shown that nearly 90% of women whose fibroids are treated with uterine fibroid embolization have significant or complete resolution of their fibroid-related symptoms.
Surgery: Surgery for uterine fibroids involves removing the fibroids (myomectomy) or the entire uterus (hysterectomy). Surgery carries risks, including bleeding and infection. About one-third of the over 500,000 hysterectomies performed each year in the United States are for fibroids. The vast majority of women who undergo these hysterectomies are probably unaware that non-surgical alternatives exist.
Alternative treatment: Alternative treatments for uterine fibroid tumors are also many. Naturopaths, homeopaths, acupuncturists, chiropractors and other alternative health care providers also have treatments to offer. Some of these treatments are newer and less established than others, but they are safer, less traumatic, less invasive and less expensive than surgery.
Keep in mind that some medical treatments for uterine fibroids can affect your fertility. So it’s important to consider alternative treatments for uterine fibroids.
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Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health care professional before starting any new treatment or with questions about a medical problem.
