Acne is a very common condition. People who have it have the same kinds of questions about it and its treatment. This section addresses some of the most common questions asked by people with acne. Remember, your dermatologist is always the best source of specific information about your individual health problems, including acne.
The questions and answers are:
1. What causes acne?
It related the causes of acne to the changes that occur as young people move from childhood to adolescence (puberty). These hormones that cause physical maturation also cause the sebaceous (oil) glands in the skin to produce more sebum (oil). The hormones that have the greatest effect on the sebaceous glands are androgens (male hormones), which are present in both women and men, but in greater quantities in men.
We find the sebaceous glands with the hair shaft in a unit called the sebaceous follicle. During puberty, the skin cells that cover the follicle shed more rapidly. In people who develop acne, the cells break off and clump together more than in people who do not develop acne. When the cells mix with the increased amount of sebum produced, they can clog the opening of the follicle. Meanwhile, the sebaceous glands continue to produce sebum, and the follicle swells with sebum.
In addition, a normal skin bacteria called P. acnes skyrockets in the clogged hair follicle., these bacteria produce irritating substances that can cause inflammation. Sometimes the follicle wall bursts, spreading the inflammation to the surrounding skin. This is the process by which acne lesions form, from blackheads to pimples to nodules.
2. I wash my face several times a day. Why do I still have acne?
Many people still believe dirty skin causes that acne. In reality, washing alone does not clear up or prevent acne. Washing removes excess surface oil and dead skin cells. Many people use all kinds of products, including alcohol-based cleansers, and scrub vigorously, only to irritate the skin and make their acne worse. Washing the skin twice a day with mild soap and water is usually enough. However, acne is actually caused by a variety of biological factors that are beyond the control of washing. That’s why you need to use proper acne treatments.
3. Does stress cause acne?
We often blame stress for the development of acne. Stress can have many physiological effects on the body, including hormonal changes that can theoretically lead to acne. Sometimes, stress can actually be caused by acne lesions, not the other way around! If acne is treated effectively, stress should not have much impact on most people.
4. I never had acne as a teenager. Why do I now have acne as an adult?
Acne usually starts at puberty and clears up in your early 20s. Sometimes, acne can persist into adulthood. These types of acne include severe forms that affect the body and the face (which affect men more than women) and acne associated with the menstrual cycle in women. In other cases, acne may not appear until adulthood. This acne is more likely to affect women than men.
There are several reasons for this. As women age, the pattern of hormonal changes may itself change, disposing of the sebaceous glands to develop acne. Ovarian cysts and pregnancy can also cause hormonal changes that lead to acne. Some women develop acne when they stop the birth control pill that was keeping them at bay. Sometimes young women wear comedogenic cosmetic products, which means they can create conditions for comedones to form.
5. What role does food play in acne?
Food does not cause acne. Following a strict diet will not make your skin disappear. Although some people feel that certain foods make their acne worse, especially chocolate, colas, peanuts, shellfish and certain fatty foods, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that foods cause or influence acne. Avoid foods that seem to make your acne worse, and for your overall health, eat a balanced diet - but diet shouldn’t really matter if acne is treated properly.
6. Does the sun help with acne?
Many patients think that sunlight improves their acne lesions and go to great lengths to find sources of ultraviolet light. There is no proven effect of sunlight on acne. In addition, the sun’s ultraviolet rays increase the risk of skin cancer and premature aging of the skin. Therefore, it is not a recommended technique for acne treatment, especially since there are many other proven forms of acne treatment. In addition, many acne treatments increase the skin’s sensitivity to ultraviolet light, which further increases the risk of exposure to ultraviolet light.
7. What is the best way to treat acne?
Everyone’s acne needs to be individualized. If you haven’t had excellent results with the acne products you’ve tried, consider seeing a dermatologist. Your dermatologist will decide which treatments are best for you. For more information on the acne treatments available, and for basic acne treatment guidelines, please see Acne Treatments in the major part of AcneNet.
8. What types of cosmetics and cleansers can an acne patient use?
Look for “non-comedogenic” cosmetics and cleansers. These products have been planned so that they do not cause acne.
Some acne medications cause severe irritation or dryness, especially during the first few weeks of treatment, and some cosmetics and toiletries can actually make this effect worse. We should make the choice of cosmetics and cleansers with your dermatologist or pharmacist.
We should avoid heavy foundations. Most acne patients should choose powder blushes and eye shadows over cream products, as they are less irritating and non-comedogenic. Camouflage techniques can be used effectively by applying a green cover cosmetic over red acne lesions to promote color blending.
9. Is it dangerous to squeeze my blemishes?
The patient should not pick or squeeze yes. acne lesions. In particular, inflammatory acne lesions should never be squeezed. Squeezing causes the infected material to penetrate deeper into the skin, causing further inflammation and scarring.
1. Can anything be done about acne scarring?
The best way to prevent scarring is to get rid of the acne. Dermatologists can use different methods to improve acne scarring. We should always individualize treatment to the patient. We may use chemical peels on some patients, while dermabrasion or laser abrasion may be beneficial to others. It is important that it well controlled the acne before using any procedure to reduce scarring.
2. How long does it take to see a visible result from using my acne medication?
The time to improve depends on the product used, but in most cases it is more like weeks or months than days. Most dermatologists recommend daily use of a medication or combination of medications for 4-8 weeks before changing treatment. It is very important that patients are aware of this time frame so that they do not become discouraged and discontinue treatment. Conversely, if you do not see any change, consult your dermatologist to see if a change in treatment is necessary.
3. Does using my medication more frequently than prescribed make my acne clear up faster?
No - always use your medication exactly as directed by your dermatologist. Using topical medications more often than prescribed can actually cause more skin irritation, redness and follicular plugging, which can delay the clearing of acne. If oral medications are taken more often than prescribed, they will not be more effective, but the risk of side effects is greater.
4. My topical treatment seems to work on the spots I’m treating, but I keep getting new acne spots. What should I do?
Topical acne medications are used in all acne-prone areas, not just individual lesions. Part of the goal is to treat the skin before lesions form and to prevent them from forming, not just to treat existing lesions. Patients are advised to treat all areas (forehead, cheeks, chin and nose) that break out rather than individual lesions.
5. My face is clear! Can I stop taking my medication now?
If your dermatologist says you can stop, then stop - but follow your dermatologist’s instructions. Often patients stop their medication suddenly only to have their acne reappear several weeks later. If you are using multiple products, it may be advisable to stop one medication at a time and see what results you get before stopping all of them at once. Ask your dermatologist before stopping any of your medications.
6. Does it matter what time I take my medication?
Check with your dermatologist or pharmacist. If you take one dose a day of an antibiotic, you can probably take it in the morning, at noon or in the evening, but you need to choose a time of day and stick to it during your treatment. For oral medications prescribed two or three times a day, do your best to spread the doses evenly. We should take some antibiotics on an empty or almost empty stomach. For best results with topical treatments, you should strictly follow your dermatologist’s recommendations. For example, if I instructed you to apply benzoyl peroxide in the morning and a topical retinoid at bedtime, it is important to follow these instructions exactly. If they applied together the two at bedtime, for example, you could decrease the effectiveness of the treatment because of chemical reactions that make them less effective.
7. I have trouble remembering to take my oral medication every day. What is a good way to remember? What should I do if I forget a dose?
This is a common problem. Many patients try to combine taking their medication with a routine daily activity, such as brushing their teeth or applying makeup. It is also helpful to keep the medication close to where the reminder activity takes place.
In most cases, if you miss a day of your oral treatment, don’t double the dose the next day; instead, resume your daily regimen as soon as possible - but there may be different instructions for different oral medications. Ask your dermatologist or pharmacist what to do if you miss a dose of your particular medication.
8. I have been using topical benzoyl peroxide and an oral antibiotic for my acne and have noticed blue-black and brown marks on my face and some discoloration on my body. These marks are especially noticeable around acne scars and recently healed lesions. Is this a side effect of the medication and is it permanent?
It is not possible to make general statements about medication side effects that apply to individual cases. We should consult a dermatologist. The facial markings and body discoloration described by the patient in this case falls within the range of side effects of some antibiotics.
We sometimes see unique patterns of pigmentation in acne patients treated with certain oral antibiotics, particularly minocycline. Pigmentation patterns that appear may include:
* Blue-black or brown marks in and around acne scars and areas of previous acne inflammation.
* A “muddy skin” appearance that may cover a large area of the body.
* diffuse brownish pigmentation of the feet and lower legs
The side effect of pigmentation disappears gradually after the treatment is stopped.
The patient should note any side effect of a medication and brought to the attention of the physician. Although most side effects are temporary, we should discuss them with the physician and monitored.
1. My doctor prescribes a topical retinoid for my acne. He said that a retinoid is a substance related to vitamin A. If the drug is related to vitamin A, shouldn’t dietary vitamin Supplements be helpful in getting rid of acne?
Dietary vitamin A is essential for good health, including vision. It has beneficial effects on the skin. Taking high doses of vitamin we do not recommend A to treat acne for safety reasons. Retinoids and retinoid-like substances used as topical treatments for acne are specially prepared for their potent effect on the removal of cells from the sebaceous follicle wall. A dermatologist should supervise their use.
Dietary vitamin A has multiple effects on the health of the human body. Vitamin A is essential for wonderful vision. Extreme vitamin A deficiency can lead to blindness, usually accompanied by dry, flaky skin. An overdose of vitamin that far exceeds the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 5,000 IU can have almost as catastrophic effects. Extreme overdose of vitamin A can lead to blistering and peeling of the skin - an effect first observed in early North Pole explorers who nearly died after eating polar bear liver, which is extraordinarily high in vitamin A.
They prescribe topical retinoids as a treatment for moderate-to-severe acne. The side effects are mainly dermatological: redness, scaling and dryness of the skin, itching and burning. These side effects can usually be managed by adjusting the amount and timing of retinoid application to the skin. We should discuss dose change with the prescribing dermatologist.
2. Are there any acne treatments specifically for people with dark skin? Are there any treatments that are specifically harmful to dark skin?
There are no acne treatments specifically for dark skin. Acne treatments are as safe and effective on dark skin as on light skin. Some acne scar treatments can cause temporary lightening of dark skin.
Acne is a common skin condition that has the same causes and follows the same course in all skin colors.
Very dark skin may not be as well hydrated as lighter skin. Topical anti-acne agents such as benzoyl peroxide that have a drying effect on the skin should be used under the supervision of a dermatologist. Benzoyl peroxide is also a strong bleach and should be applied with care to avoid inadvertently bleaching hair strands, towels, or clothing.
Darker skin types develop post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (excessive darkening of the skin in areas where it has been inflamed). Severe inflammatory acne can lead to dark spots. The spots will fade over time; a dermatologist may recommend cosmetic measures to make the spots less noticeable until they disappear. Some acne treatments, such as topical retinoids and azelaic acid, can also help fade the discoloration.
Removal of acne scars by dermabrasion or chemical peels may cause temporary lightening or darkening of the dark skin in the treated areas. We should discuss treatment of scars with a dermatologist or dermatologic surgeon before being undertaken.
Alterations in melanin pigmentation (dark pigments that give skin its color) such as vitiligo and melasma are not related to acne, but may be present concurrently with acne. Diagnosis and treatment of melanin pigmentation disorders such as vitiligo require a dermatologist with knowledge and experience in treating these conditions.
3. Is acne that first appears in adulthood different from acne that appears in adolescence?
Acne has a specific definition as a disease of the sebaceous follicles. This definition applies to acne that appears at any age. However, it may be important to look for an underlying cause for acne that first appears in adulthood.
We describe the current understanding of the causes of acne vulgaris in the section of the fundamental text entitled Why and How Acne Occurs. In summary, acne vulgaris develops when excessive sebum production and abnormal cell growth and death in the sebaceous follicle lead to clogged follicles with a mixture of sebum and cellular debris and the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads). Bacteria in the follicles - primarily propionibacterium acnes, the most common bacterial colonizer of sebaceous follicles - can contribute to acne inflammation by releasing metabolic products that cause an inflammatory response. The pathogenic, disease-causing events in the sebaceous follicle are thought to be because of changes in androgen (male) hormone levels in the body - a circumstance typically associated with growth and development between the ages of 12 and 4.
4. Some acne researchers believe that while this hypothesis is correct, there is still much to learn about the causes of acne vulgaris.
Acne that appears after the age of 25-30 is (1) a recurrence of acne that disappeared after adolescence, (2) a flare-up of acne after a period of relative calm, such as during pregnancy, or (3) acne that appears for the first time in a person who has never had acne before.
Acne that occurs in adulthood can be difficult to treat if there are multiple recurrences. Some patients with severe recurrent acne have undergone repeated treatments with isotretinoin, a powerful systemic drug.
Acne flare-ups associated with pregnancy or menstruation are because of changes in hormonal patterns.
We should investigate acne that first appears in adulthood for an underlying cause. Drugs that can cause acne include anabolic steroids (sometimes used illegally by athletes to “bulk up”), some anti-epileptic drugs, the anti-tuberculosis drugs isoniazid and rifampin, lithium and drugs containing iodine. Chlorinated industrial chemicals can cause an occupational skin condition known as chloracne. Chronic physical pressure on the skin - for example, a backpack and its straps, or a violin pressed against the angle of the jaw and chin - can cause mechanical acne. Certain metabolic conditions can cause changes in hormonal balance that can lead to acne.
Some lesions that appear to be acne may be another skin condition, such as folliculitis - an infection and inflammation of the hair follicles - which requires different treatment than acne. A dermatologist should examine and treat acne that first appears in adulthood.
5. My 15-year-old daughter has what I would describe as a very mild case of acne. She has made it worse by scratching and pressing constantly. She looks in the mirror for hours, looking for a blackhead or blemish to scratch or squeeze. Does she need psychological help?
Excessive picking and squeezing of otherwise benign acne is a condition called acne excoriata, most often seen in young women. A dermatologist can provide effective psychological support.
The typical person with acne excoriata is a person - often a young woman - who is so distressed about her appearance because of the acne that she literally tries to “make the acne go away.” The acne is often very mild, but the person’s face may be constantly covered with red pressure marks and open sores where lesions have been scratched.
The word excoriate means to scratch or abrade the skin. Excoriated acne is a medically recognized condition that should be discussed with a dermatologist. Occasionally giving in to the temptation to squeeze a blackhead does not make up excoriated acne. However, spending hours in front of a mirror squeezing and scratching every blemish is a definition of acne excoriata. A dermatologist may advise the patient on a treatment that they can take part in, but not touch.
6. Can diet change the rate of secretion or the composition of sebum? If so, shouldn’t diet modification be considered a treatment for acne?
We have not proved diet to play a role in the cause or treatment of acne. Dietary manipulation may play a role in the treatment of some skin diseases, but not in the treatment of acne.
Dietary cause is one of the most persistent myths about acne. Foods, such as chocolate or fatty foods, do not cause acne, but some foods seem to make acne worse for some people. The following can cause or worsen it:
*Hereditary factors
*An increase in male hormones, which are found in both men and women.
*Menstruation
*Emotional stress
*Oil and fat from cosmetics, work environment.
It has proven no single food to prevent or treat acne. A healthy diet is, of course, necessary for overall good health.
7. Shouldn’t I just try to get the oil out of my body?
No. When it is not trapped in your pores, sebum contributes to the health of your skin.
8. Why does acne usually start at puberty?
No one knows for sure. What I know is that the sebaceous glands that produce sebum become much larger at puberty than they were before.
9. Why does the skin around a pimple become red?
This redness is because of the body’s inflammatory response. Inflammation is a sign that your immune system is working to fight an infection. However, the inflammatory response doesn’t always work perfectly, and can even cause scarring.
10. If my skin turns red, does that mean I’m going to have scars?
No. Although there will be no permanent scarring, the after-effects of the inflammatory response can leave the skin red for months, sometimes for more than a year.
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11. What are free radicals?
Free radicals are by-products of oxidation in your body. We all need oxidation to occur as part of our life process, but there is concern that the accumulation of unrecycled free radicals contributes to many conditions, including skin damage. Antioxidants, including many of the active ingredients in Acuzine, help prevent the buildup of free radicals.
